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常用兒科醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯

發(fā)表時間:2018/03/23 00:00:00  瀏覽次數(shù):3239  
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兒科學(xué)Pediatrics
兒童保健Child care
疾病防治Disease prevention
營養(yǎng)基礎(chǔ)Basal nutrition
嬰兒喂養(yǎng)Infants’ feeding
營養(yǎng)不良Malnutrition
小兒肥胖obesity in Childhood
解剖Anatomy
生理生化Physiology and biochemistry
營養(yǎng)代謝Nutrition and Metabolism
免疫Immunity
病理Pathology
疾病的種類Variety of Disease
臨床表現(xiàn)Clinical Situation
診斷Diagnosis
治療:Treatment
預(yù)后:Prognosis
預(yù)防:Prevention
胎兒期:Fetal Stage
胚卵期Ovigerm Stage
胚胎期Embryo Stage
新生兒期:Neonatal Period
臍帶Omphalus
足月兒Term Infant
早產(chǎn)兒Premature
過期產(chǎn)兒Post term Infant
圍產(chǎn)期Perinatal stage
嬰兒期:Infancy
幼兒期:Toddler Period
學(xué)齡期:School age
青春期:Adolescence
遺傳inheritance
性別sex
內(nèi)分泌endocrine
孕母情況mother’s condition
營養(yǎng)nutrition
生活環(huán)境living environment
急性感染acute infection
慢性疾病chronic disease
消化道疾病disease of digestive tract
內(nèi)分泌疾病endocrine disease
先天性疾病congenital disease
體格生長:Physique growth
攝入不足insufficiency of intake
胎糞排出excretion of meconium
水分丟失loss of moist
生長高峰summit of growth
臥位clinostatasm
站立位erect position
頭頂vertex
恥骨聯(lián)合上緣superior margin of pubic symphysis

足底sole
臍nave
頭圍:Head Circumference
胸圍:Chest Circumference
顱骨:Cranium
顱縫cranial sutures
前囟anterior fontanel
后囟posterior
脊柱:Rachis
長骨:Long Bone
干骺端Metaphysis
軟骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification
骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification
乳牙deciduous teeth
恒牙permanent teeth
(乳牙)萌出eruption
神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)nervous system
脊髓spinal cord
運動發(fā)育:Motor development
發(fā)音器官organs of voicing
聽覺sense of hearing
大腦語言中樞cerebral language center
語言交流communication
護理:Nursing
計劃免疫:Planned Immunity
心理衛(wèi)生:Mental Health
生活習(xí)慣living habit
社會適應(yīng)能力social adaptation
親情 parent-child relationship
健康查體:Physical Examination
隨訪follow-up
戶外活動open field activity
身體撫觸 stroking massage
窒息apnea
中毒intoxication
外傷trauma
預(yù)防接種:Vaccination
主動免疫Active immunity
被動免疫passive immunity
預(yù)防接種vaccination
小兒傳染病infectious disease
卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, BCG vaccine
脊髓灰質(zhì)炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine
麻疹疫苗 Measles Vaccine
百白破三聯(lián)疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine
乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine
初種primary vaccination
復(fù)種revaccination
不良反應(yīng)reaction
熱量的需要:Caloric Requirement
基礎(chǔ)代謝:Basal Metabolism
排泄 Excretion
蛋白質(zhì):Protein
碳水化合物:Carbohydrate
脂肪:Fat
維生素:Vitamins
水溶性維生素:Water-soluble Vitamin
脂溶性維生素:Fat-soluble Vitamin
礦物質(zhì):Mineral
膳食纖維:Dietary Fiber
母乳喂養(yǎng):Breast Feeding
母乳的成分:Component of Mother’s Milk
免疫物質(zhì):immune material
免疫球蛋白:Immune Gloulin
補體:Complement
乳鐵蛋白:Lactoferrin
溶菌酶:Lysozyme
雙歧因子:Bifidus Factor
細(xì)胞成分:Components of Cells
慢性消耗性疾?。篊hronic consumptions
精神障礙:Mental disorders
急性傳染?。篈cute infectious diseases
斷奶:Weaning
人工喂養(yǎng):Bottle-Feeding
稀釋:Dilution
加糖:Add Sugar
煮沸:Boiling
定時定量:Time and rationed Feeding
個體差異:Individual Difference
混合喂養(yǎng)Mixed Feeding
大小便:Defecation
代授法:Breast-bottle-feeding
補授法:Supplemental Feeding
輔食添加:The Introduction of solid food
營養(yǎng)不良Malnutrition
代謝異常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder
臨床分型:Clinical typing
消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition
浮腫型Edema Malnutrition
消瘦-浮腫型Marasmus—Edema Malnutrition
病因:Etiological Factor
攝入不足:Deficiency of Intake
輔食添加不及時:Introduction of Solid Food
飲食結(jié)構(gòu)不合理:Incorrect Components of Diet
不良飲食習(xí)慣:Bad Eating Habit
消化吸收障礙:Disorder of Digestion and Absorption
消化道先天畸形:Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract
先天性代謝障礙:Congenital Dysbolism
消化功能紊亂:Disorder of Digestive Function
需求增多:Requirement Increases
生長發(fā)育迅速的時期:The period when children grow rapidly
疾病恢復(fù)期:Recovery Phase of diseases
雙胎或多胎:Twins or Multiplets
早產(chǎn):Premature
消耗性疾病Consumptions
病理生理:Pathophysiology
代謝異常:Dysbolism
體溫調(diào)節(jié):Thermoregulation
機體各系統(tǒng)功能低下:Incapacity of Body Systems
消化系統(tǒng):Digestive System
循環(huán)系統(tǒng):Circulatory System
泌尿系統(tǒng):Urinary System
神經(jīng)系統(tǒng):Nervous System
免疫系統(tǒng):Immune System
臨床表現(xiàn):Clinical Situation
皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat
腹Abdomen
軀干Trunk
臀Breech
四肢Extremities
面頰Cheeks
皮膚Skin
干燥Dehydration
蒼白Pale;
肌肉Muscles
松弛Laxity
萎縮Atrophy;
精神狀態(tài)Mental Status
萎靡Dispirited
反應(yīng)差Low Response;
全身癥狀General Symptoms
并發(fā)癥:Complication
營養(yǎng)性貧血:Nutritional Anemia
各種維生素缺乏癥:Various Kinds of Avitaminosis
感染:Infections
低血糖:Hypoglycemia
診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):Standard of Dignosis
分型:Types
分度:Degrees
實驗室檢查:Laboratory Examination
鑒別診斷:Differential Diagnosis
治療原則:Therapeutic Principle
綜合治療Comprehensive Treatment
治療方法:Therapeutic Method

積極治療原發(fā)病:Cure the Primary Disease
飲食治療:Diet Therapy
藥物治療:Drug Treatment
支持治療:Supporting Therapy
危重癥處理:Treatment in Crises
度營養(yǎng)不良伴腹瀉時的治療Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea
營養(yǎng)不良性水腫的治療Nutritional Edema
蛋白質(zhì)缺乏綜合癥(惡心營養(yǎng)不良綜合癥)Kwashiorkor
添加輔食:Instruction of solid food
睡眠充足:Sufficient Sleeping
防治先天性疾病和小兒急性傳染?。篜revention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and Acute Infectious Diseases
孕期保健與產(chǎn)前診斷:Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis
新生兒篩查:Neonatal Screening
治療先天性疾病:Cure Congenital Diseases
按時預(yù)防接種:Vaccination on time
定期體格檢查:Regular Physical Examination
營養(yǎng)障礙性疾病Dystrophy
病因及病理生理:Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology
單純性肥胖:Simple Obesity
攝入過多:Excessive Intake
活動過少:Lack of Movement
家族遺傳:Inheritance
神經(jīng)、精神因素:Nervous and Mental Factors
繼發(fā)性肥胖:Secondary Obesity
膝外翻Genu Valgum
扁平足Fallen arch
性發(fā)育較早:Early Sexual Development
實驗室檢查:Laboratory Examinations
膽固醇Cholesterol
甘油三酯Triglyceride
β脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein
胰島素Insulin
生長激素Growth Hormone
診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):Standard of Diagnosis
輕度Mild
制度Moderate
重度Severe

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