CRIMINAL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

第一編 總則

PART ONE GENERAL PROVISIONS

第一章 刑法的任務(wù)、基本原則和適用范圍

CHAPTER I THE AIM, BASIC PRINCIPLES AND SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF THE

第一條 為了懲罰犯罪，保護(hù)人民，根據(jù)憲法，結(jié)合我國同犯罪作斗爭的具體經(jīng)驗及實際情況，制定本法。

Article 1 In order to punish crimes and protect the people, this Law is enacted on the basis of the Constitution and in the light of the concrete experiences and actual circumstances in China's fight against crimes.

第二條 中華人民共和國刑法的任務(wù)，是用刑罰同一切犯罪行為作斗爭，以保衛(wèi)國家安全，保衛(wèi)人民民主專政的政權(quán)和社會主義制度，保護(hù)國有財產(chǎn)和勞動群眾集體所有的財產(chǎn)，保護(hù)公民私人所有的財產(chǎn)，保護(hù)公民的人身權(quán)利、民主權(quán)利和其他權(quán)利，維護(hù)社會秩序、經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序，保障社會主義建設(shè)事業(yè)的順利進(jìn)行。

Article 2 The aim of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China is to use criminal punishments to fight against all criminal acts in order to safeguard security of the State, to defend the State power of the people's democratic dictatorship and the socialist system, to protect property owned by the State, and property collectively owned by the working people and property privately owned by citizens, to protect citizens' rights of the person and their democratic and other rights, to maintain public and economic order, and to ensure the smooth progress of socialist construction.

第三條 法律明文規(guī)定為犯罪行為的，依照法律定罪處刑；法律沒有明文規(guī)定為犯罪行為的，不得定罪處刑。

Article 3 For acts that are explicitly defined as criminal acts in law, the offenders shall be convicted and punished in accordance with law; otherwise, they shall not be convicted or punished.

第四條 對任何人犯罪，在適用法律上一律平等。不允許任何人有超越法律的特權(quán)。

Article 4 The law shall be equally applied to anyone who commits a crime. No one shall have the privilege of transcending the law.

第五條 刑罰的輕重，應(yīng)當(dāng)與犯罪分子所犯罪行和承擔(dān)的刑事責(zé)任相適應(yīng)。

Article 5 The degree of punishment shall be commensurate with the crime committed and the criminal responsibility to be borne by the offender.

第六條 凡在中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域內(nèi)犯罪的，除法律有特別規(guī)定的以外，都適用本法。

Article 6 This Law shall be applicable to anyone who commits a crime within the territory and territorial waters and space of the People's republic of China, except as otherwise specifically provided by law.

凡在中華人民共和國船舶或者航空器內(nèi)犯罪的，也適用本法。

This Law shall also be applicable to anyone who commits a crime on board a ship or aircraft of the People's Republic of China.

犯罪的行為或者結(jié)果有一項發(fā)生在中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的，就認(rèn)為是在中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域內(nèi)犯罪。

If a criminal act or its consequence takes place within the territory or territorial waters or space of the People's Republic of China, the crime shall be deemed to have been committed within the territory and territorial waters and space of the People's Republic of China.

第七條 中華人民共和國公民在中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域外犯本法規(guī)定之罪的，適用本法，但是按本法規(guī)定的最高刑為三年以下有期徒刑的，可以不予追究。

Article 7 This Law shall be applicable to any citizen of the People's Republic of China who commits a crime prescribed in this Law outside the territory and territorial waters and space of the People's Republic of China; however, if the maximum punishment to be imposed is fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years as stipulated in this Law, he may be exempted from the investigation for his criminal responsibility.

中華人民共和國國家工作人員和軍人在中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域外犯本法規(guī)定之罪的，適用本法。

This Law shall be applicable to any State functionary or serviceman who commits a crime prescribed in this Law outside the territory and territorial waters and space of the People's Republic of China.

第八條 外國人在中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域外對中華人民共和國國家或者公民犯罪，而按本法規(guī)定的最低刑為三年以上有期徒刑的，可以適用本法，但是按照犯罪地的法律不受處罰的除外。

Article 8 This Law may be applicable to any foreigner who commits a crime outside the territory and territorial waters and space of the People's Republic of China against the State of the People's Republic of China or against any of its citizens, if for that crime this Law prescribes a minimum punishment of fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years; however, this does not apply to a crime that is not punishable according to the laws of the place where it is committed.

第九條 對于中華人民共和國締結(jié)或者參加的國際條約所規(guī)定的罪行，中華人民共和國在所承擔(dān)條約義務(wù)的范圍內(nèi)行使刑事管轄權(quán)的，適用本法。

Article 9 This Law shall be applicable to crimes which are stipulated in international treaties concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China and over which the People's Republic of China exercises criminal jurisdiction within the scope of obligations, prescribed in these treaties, it agrees to perform.

第十條 凡在中華人民共和國領(lǐng)域外犯罪，依照本法應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任的，雖然經(jīng)過外國審判，仍然可以依照本法追究，但是在外國已經(jīng)受過刑罰處罰的，可以免除或者減輕處罰。

Article 10 Any person who commits a crime outside the territory and territorial waters and space of the People's Republic of China, for which according to this Law he should bear criminal responsibility, may still be investigated for his criminal responsibility according to this Law, even if he has already been tried in a foreign country. However, if he has already received criminal punishment in the foreign country, he may be exempted from punishment or given a mitigated punishment.

第十一條 享有外交特權(quán)和豁免權(quán)的外國人的刑事責(zé)任，通過外交途徑解決。

Article 11 The criminal responsibility of foreigners who enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities shall be solved through diplomatic channels.

第十二條 中華人民共和國成立以后本法施行以前的行為，如果當(dāng)時的法律不認(rèn)為是犯罪的，適用當(dāng)時的法律；如果當(dāng)時的法律認(rèn)為是犯罪的，依照本法總則第四章第八節(jié)的規(guī)定應(yīng)當(dāng)追訴的，按照當(dāng)時的法律追究刑事責(zé)任，但是如果本法不認(rèn)為是犯罪或者處刑較輕的，適用本法。

Article 12 If an act committed after the founding of the People's Republic of China and before the entry into force of this Law was not deemed a crime under the laws at the time, those laws shall apply.  If the act was deemed a crime under the laws in force at the time and is subject to prosecution under the provisions of Section 8, Chapter IV of the General Provisions of this Law, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with those laws. However, if according to this Law the act is not deemed a crime or is subject to a lighter punishment, this Law shall apply.

本法施行以前，依照當(dāng)時的法律已經(jīng)作出的生效判決，繼續(xù)有效。

Before the entry into force of this Law, any judgment that has been made and has become effective according to the laws at the time shall remain valid.

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